Let's work this out in a step by step way to be sure we have the right answer.
在吴恩达的 ChatGPT Prompt Engineering 课程中，有提到一个这个技巧的另一种用法，不仅仅只是让 AI 按步骤行事，还会告知 AI 每一步要做什么。比如这个案例（注意这个是 python 代码）：
prompt_2 = f"""
Your task is to perform the following actions:
1 - Summarize the following text delimited by
<> with 1 sentence.
2 - Translate the summary into French.
3 - List each name in the French summary.
4 - Output a json object that contains the
following keys: french_summary, num_names.
Use the following format:
Text: <text to summarize>
Summary: <summary>
Translation: <summary translation>
Names: <list of names in Italian summary>
Output JSON: <json with summary and num_names>
Text: <{text}>
"""
简单解释下这个代码：
开头是让 AI 按照 1 ～ 4 步运行
然后再让 AI 根据特定格式输出内容
最后 AI 的输出是这样的：
Summary: Jack and Jill go on a quest to fetch water, but misfortune strikes and they tumble down the hill, returning home slightly battered but with their adventurous spirits undimmed.
Translation: Jack et Jill partent en quête d'eau, mais la malchance frappe et ils dégringolent la colline, rentrant chez eux légèrement meurtris mais avec leurs esprits aventureux intacts.
Names: Jack, Jill
Output JSON: {"french_summary": "Jack et Jill partent en quête d'eau, mais la malchance frappe et ils dégringolent la colline, rentrant chez eux légèrement meurtris mais avec leurs esprits aventureux intacts.", "num_names": 2}
上述的案例只是将任务拆解，能让 AI 生成的结果更加符合要求，这个方法同样能提升 AI 的回答准确性，比如这个案例：
Determine if the student's solution is correct or not.
Question:
I'm building a solar power installation and I need help working out the financials.
Land costs $100 / square foot
I can buy solar panels for $250 / square foot
I negotiated a contract for maintenance that will cost \
me a flat $100k per year, and an additional $10 / square foot
What is the total cost for the first year of operations
as a function of the number of square feet.
Student's Solution:
Let x be the size of the installation in square feet.
Costs:
Land cost: 100x
Solar panel cost: 250x
Maintenance cost: 100,000 + 100x
Total cost: 100x + 250x + 100,000 + 100x = 450x + 100,000
AI 的回答是「The student's solution is correct」。但其实学生的答案是错误的，应该 360x + 100,000，我们将 prompt 调整成这样：
prompt = f"""
Your task is to determine if the student's solution \
is correct or not.
To solve the problem do the following:
- First, work out your own solution to the problem.
- Then compare your solution to the student's solution \
and evaluate if the student's solution is correct or not.
Don't decide if the student's solution is correct until
you have done the problem yourself.
Use the following format:
Question:
###
question here
###
Student's solution:
###
student's solution here
###
Actual solution:
###
steps to work out the solution and your solution here
###
Is the student's solution the same as actual solution \
just calculated:
###
yes or no
###
Student grade:
###
correct or incorrect
###
Question:
###
I'm building a solar power installation and I need help \
working out the financials.
- Land costs $100 / square foot
- I can buy solar panels for $250 / square foot
- I negotiated a contract for maintenance that will cost \
me a flat $100k per year, and an additional $10 / square \
foot
What is the total cost for the first year of operations \
as a function of the number of square feet.
###
Student's solution:
###
Let x be the size of the installation in square feet.
Costs:
1. Land cost: 100x
2. Solar panel cost: 250x
3. Maintenance cost: 100,000 + 100x
Total cost: 100x + 250x + 100,000 + 100x = 450x + 100,000
###
Actual solution:
"""
本质上，也是将任务分拆成多步，这次 AI 输出的结果是这样的（结果就是正确的了）：
Let x be the size of the installation in square feet.
Costs:
1. Land cost: 100x
2. Solar panel cost: 250x
3. Maintenance cost: 100,000 + 10x
Total cost: 100x + 250x + 100,000 + 10x = 360x + 100,000
Is the student's solution the same as actual solution just calculated:
No
Student grade:
Incorrect
